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Semaglutide is a medication primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes and for chronic weight management. It belongs to a class of drugs called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists.
Here’s a breakdown of semaglutide:
1. How it Works:
- Mimics GLP-1: Semaglutide mimics the GLP-1 hormone, which is naturally released in the gut in response to eating.
- Increases Insulin Release: It stimulates the pancreas to release insulin, which helps lower blood sugar levels.
- Slows Gastric Emptying: Semaglutide slows down the rate at which food empties from the stomach, which can help you feel fuller for longer.
- Reduces Appetite: It interacts with areas of the brain that regulate appetite, which can help to reduce hunger and calorie intake.
2. Uses:
- Type 2 Diabetes: Semaglutide helps to control blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes.
- Weight Management: It is used to promote weight loss and help with long-term weight management in individuals who are obese or overweight.
- Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: Semaglutide can reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, or death in adults with type 2 diabetes and heart and blood vessel disease, as well as in adults with cardiovascular disease and either obesity or overweight.
3. Brand Names:
- Ozempic: Used for type 2 diabetes.
- Wegovy: Used for weight management.
- Rybelsus: An oral form of semaglutide, also used for type 2 diabetes.
4. Administration:
- Semaglutide is administered as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection (under the skin).
- There is also an oral tablet form available (Rybelsus).
5. Dosage:
- The starting dose is typically low and gradually increased over time.
- Dosage is determined by a healthcare provider based on individual needs and response to the medication.
6. Side Effects:
- Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain.
- Serious side effects are rare but can include pancreatitis and gallbladder problems.
Important Note:
- Semaglutide is a prescription medication and should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
- It’s important to discuss your medical history and any other medications you are taking with your doctor before starting semaglutide.
- Lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, are important components of treatment along with semaglutide.
